Victim blaming (or blaming the victim), is a phrase coined and popularized in 1971 by psychologist William Ryan.[1][2] In his book Ryan exposed victim blaming as an ideology, which justifies racism and social injustice against black people in the United States.[3]
Blaming the victim consists in holding the victim(s) of a crime, an accident, or any type of abusive maltreatment to be entirely or partially responsible for the transgressions committed against them. Victim-blaming has traditionally emerged especially in racist and sexist forms.[4] It is also about holding individuals responsible for their own personal distress or difficulties instead of attributing responsibility to the transgressors who caused it.